South African Republic

Not to be confused with the Republic of South Africa, the South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek) occupied the area later known as the province of Transvaal, first from 1857 to 1877, and again, after a successful Afrikaner rebellion against British rule, from 1881 until its annexation by the United Kingdom in 1900 during the Boer War. The first president of the South African Republic was Martin Pretorius. He was elected in 1857.