Buchenwald

Buchenwald was a Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg Hill near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany, in July 1937.

The first commandant was Karl Otto Koch, whose second wife Ilsa was known as the "Witch of Buchenwald", one of the cruelest figures of the whole Holocaust.

Mass killings of prisoners of war took place in the camp, and many inmates died during medical experiments, or fell victim to arbitrary acts perpetrated by the SS.